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Qualification Standards for Functional 3D Printed Components

Meeting IP and IK protection levels, UV stability thresholds, and military-grade environmental tests.


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Swaroop Kumar Bodapati.

Application Engineer, Stratasys

In a world where reliability is non-negotiable, engineering confidence starts with certified performance. Whether you're designing for defense, aerospace, industrial, or consumer electronics, the ability to withstand dust, water, impact, and extreme environments is critical. 

 

This blog explores how Stratasys is aligning its additive material portfolio with globally recognized standards, such as IP (Ingress Protection), IK (Impact Protection), and MIL-STD (Military Standards)to deliver rugged, real-world-ready parts across SAF™FDM®P3™ DLP, and PolyJet™ technologies. 

IP Ratings – What Do They Mean? 

IP stands for Ingress Protection and is defined by the IEC 60529 standard. It classifies the degree of protection provided by enclosures against intrusion from solids (like dust) and liquids (like water). IP ratings take the following form: 

 

IPXY 

Where: 

  • X = Protection against solid objects (like dust, fingers, tools) 

  • Y = Protection against liquids (like water sprays, immersion) 

First Digit (X): Solid Particle Protection 

Digit 

Protection Level 

Description 

0 

None 

No protection against contact or objects 

1 

>50 mm 

Protected against large body parts (e.g., hand) 

2 

>12.5 mm 

Protected against fingers or similar objects 

3 

>2.5 mm 

Protected against tools, thick wires 

4 

>1 mm 

Protected against most wires, screws 

5 

Dust-protected 

Limited ingress of dust, no harmful deposits 

6 

Dust-tight 

Complete protection against dust ingress 

Second Digit (Y): Liquid Ingress Protection 

 

Digit 

Protection Level 

Description 

0 

None 

No protection 

1 

Dripping water 

Vertically falling drops 

2 

Dripping water (tilted) 

Up to 15° from vertical 

3 

Spraying water 

Up to 60° from vertical 

4 

Splashing water 

From any direction 

5 

Water jets 

Low-pressure jets from any direction 

6 

Powerful jets 

High-pressure jets from any direction 

7 

Immersion (temporary) 

Up to 1 meter for 30 minutes 

8 

Immersion (continuous) 

Beyond 1 meter, under specified conditions 

9 

High-pressure, high-temperature jets 

Often used in automotive applications 

 

 

Example: IP66 

  • 6 = Dust-tight (no ingress of dust) 

  • 6 = Protected against powerful water jets (12.5 mm nozzle, 100 liters/min) 

 

This makes IP66-rated enclosures ideal for outdoor, industrial, marine, and rugged electronic enclosures. 

IP Ratings of 3D Printing Materials 

 

The following table shows some common IP ratings and the Stratasys materials that can be used to meet them, along with typical applications. 

IP Rating 

Protection Level 

Stratasys Materials 

Use Cases 

IP65 

Dust-tight, low-pressure jets 

SAF PPFDM ASAPolyJet Vero® 

Industrial enclosures, light-duty electronics 

IP66 

High-pressure jets 

SAF PP, FDM PC-ABS, P3 Loctite® 3D 3843 

Marine, rugged electronics 

IP67 

Temporary immersion 

SAF PA12, FDM ULTEM™ 9085 resin, and P3 Loctite 3D IND403  

Sensors, wearables 

IP68 

Continuous immersion 

Submersibles, defense enclosures 

 

Real-World Application: IP66 & IK09 Rated Connector Enclosures 

 

TECHNO used Loctite 3D 3843 on the Origin® platform to meet IP66 protection grade and IK09 impact resistance for outdoor Internet oThings (IoT) enclosures. These parts withstand UV exposure, temperature cycles, and comply with NEMA and Zhaga standards. 

 

Ergonomic Tooling with Impact Resistance IK01
Ergonomic Tooling with Impact Resistance IK01

IK Ratings – Impact Protection Explained 

IK is defined by the IEC 62262 standard as the "index of protection against mechanical impacts,and is used to classify the degree of protection an enclosure offers against physical impact. IK ratings take this form: 

IKXX 

Where: 

  • IK = Impact Protection 

  • XX = A two-digit number representing the impact energy (in joules) which the enclosure can withstand. 

IK Rating Scale 

IK Rating 

Impact Energy 

Equivalent Impact 

IK00 

0 J 

No Protection 

IK01 

0.15 J 

200 g dropped from 7.5 cm 

IK02 

0.2 J 

200 g from 10 cm 

IK03 

0.35 J 

200 g from 17.5 cm 

IK04 

0.5 J 

200 g from 25 cm 

IK05 

0.7 J 

200 g from 35 cm 

IK06 

1 J 

500 g from 20 cm 

IK07 

2 J 

500 g from 40 cm 

IK08 

5 J 

1.7 kg from 29.5 cm 

IK09 

10 J 

5 kg from 20 cm 

IK10 

20 J 

5 kg from 40 cm 

 

 
 

How IK Ratings Are Tested 

 
  • A standardized impact hammer is dropped from a specific height onto the enclosure. 

  • The mass and height are calibrated to deliver the exact energy level. 

  • To pass a given rating, the test object must not crack, deform, or expose internal components. 

 

Why IK Ratings Matter 

 

  • They ensure durability in environments prone to accidental or intentional impact. 

  • IK ratings are critical for: 

  • Public infrastructure (e.g., kiosks, lighting) 

  • Military and defense applications 

  • Industrial electronics in rugged settings 

  • Consumer devices exposed to rough handling 

 

IK Ratings of 3D Printing Materials 

 

The following table shows IK ratings of various additive manufacturing materials, along with relevant applications. 

IK Rating 

Impact Energy 

Stratasys Materials 

Applications 

IK06 

1 joule 

PolyJet Vero, FDM ABS-M30 

Indoor electronics 

IK08 

5 joules 

P3 Loctite 3D 3843, FDM PC, SAF PA12 

Industrial enclosures 

IK10 

20 joules 

FDM ULTEM™ 1010 resin, P3 Loctite 3D IND403, FDM Nylon 12CF 

Military-grade, vandal-resistant parts 

 

Real-World Application: Ergonomic Tooling with Impact Resistance 

 

VALIANT TMS replaced CNC-machined ergonomic tooling with Loctite 3D 3172 HDT50 High Impact printed on Origin. The tools passed ISO 10993-5/-23 for skin contact and delivered IK-rated durability, reducing production time from two days to five hours and improving operator comfort. Find the full story here. 

Ergonomic Tooling with Impact Resistance IK02
Ergonomic Tooling with Impact Resistance IK02

Military Standards 

 

In fields where parts simply cannot fail, from defense and aerospace to industrial systems and consumer electronics, additive manufacturing has to go beyond prototyping. It must deliver certified, durable components built for real-world pressure. 

 

At Stratasys, we’re aligning our material portfolio with globally recognized standards like MIL-STD-810H, MIL-STD-108, IP, and IK ratings to ensure our technologies meet the demands of the real world. 

 

Military standards are among the most rigorous benchmarks in engineering. They simulate the harshest conditions imaginable – from desert heat and salt fog to explosive atmospheres and mechanical shock. Two key standards guide our material development: 

MIL-STD-810H: Environmental Engineering Testing 

 

MIL-STD-810H is designed to replicate the environmental stresses that equipment may face throughout its lifecycle. This includes extreme temperatures ranging from −40 °C to +70 °C, high humidity, salt fog, sand and dust exposure, and mechanical shock and vibration. It even accounts for explosive atmospheres and solar radiationconditions common in aerospace and defense deployments. 

 

Stratasys materials like FDM Antero 800NA and 840CN03 are engineered for these challenges. These aerospace-grade thermoplastics offer low outgassing, high heat resistance, and chemical durability, making them ideal for aircraft interiors, UAVs, and mission-critical components. Similarly, ULTEM™ 9085 and 1010 resins provide flame retardancy and high strength FDM parts, while SAF Nylon PA12 powder delivers a lightweight yet durable solution for rugged electronics and structural parts. 

MIL-STD-108: Sealed Enclosure Integrity 

 

MIL-STD-108 focuses on the performance of enclosures for electronic equipment. It evaluates drip-proof, dust-tight, and air-tight construction, as well as resistance to fluid ingress, radiated noise, and mounting integrity under vibration. 

 

Materials like SAF Polypropylene (PP) excel in this domain, offering flexibility and water-tight sealing. For gasket and seal applications, P3 Loctite 3D IND402 and P3 Silicone 25A provide elastomeric performance with excellent impact absorption. And for soft-touch, vibration-damping interfaces, PolyJet Agilus overmolds are the go-to solution. 

 

SPECTRA 01 Slingshot assembly
SPECTRA 01 Slingshot assembly

Real-World ExampleDefense Applications 

 

SPECTRA Group leveraged Origin to fast-track development of dielectric components for defense communications. They went from concept to production in five working days, bypassing traditional supply chains and achieving IP- and IK-rated performance with materials like Loctite 3D 3843. 

Engineering Confidence Under Sunlight 

Outdoor environments expose parts to solar radiation, which includes UV light, heat, and moisture cycles. Over time, these factors can cause color fading, embrittlement, cracking, and seal degradationespecially common in polymers. For industrial applications like IoT enclosures, automotive trims, marine housings, and defense electronics, UV resistance is as critical as IP and IK ratings. 

What Is UV Testing? 

UV testing simulates long-term sunlight exposure in a controlled lab environment to predict how materials will perform outdoors. It uses accelerated weathering chambers with UV lamps or xenon-arc light sources to replicate solar radiation, often combined with moisture cycles (spray or condensation) to mimic dew and rain. 

Key Standards for UV Testing 

  • ISO 4892-2 – Xenon-arc exposure for plastics (full-spectrum sunlight simulation). 

  • ASTM G154 – Fluorescent UV lamps (UVA/UVB) for coatings and plastics. 

  • ASTM G155 – Xenon-arc exposure for outdoor durability. 

  • MIL-STD-810H Method 505.7 – Solar radiation for defense-grade equipment. 

  • IEC 60068-2-5 – Solar radiation effects on electronic enclosures. 

Why It Matters 

UV degradation can lead to: 

  • Loss of mechanical strength → brittle housings, cracked seals. 

  • Color and gloss changes → aesthetics and branding impact. 

  • Seal failure → compromised IP ratings. 

  • Optical haze → reduced performance in lenses or covers. 

 

For outdoor electronics, automotive, and defense, UV testing ensures long-term reliability alongside IP and IK compliance. 

Stratasys Materials with UV Resistance 

Technology 

Material 

 

UV Performance 

 

Applications 

 

SAF 

Polypropylene (PP) 

UV-stable, IP66–IP68 

Outdoor housings, marine 

FDM 

ULTEM™ 9085 resin 

Aerospace-grade, MIL-STD 

Defense, aerospace parts 

P3 DLP 

Loctite 3843 

UV-tested, IP66 + IK08 

IoT enclosures, rugged use 

PolyJet 

Agilus 

UV-resistant elastomer 

Seals, vibration damping 

 

Real-World ExampleOutdoor IoT Enclosure 

In the aforementioned TECHNO case, UV protection was also critical. TECHNO used Loctite 3843 to achieve IP66 water protectionIK08 impact resistanceas well as UV stability for outdoor electronics. These enclosures withstand sunlight, rain, and temperature cycles, meeting NEMA and Zhaga standards for smart lighting systems. 

Summary 

UV testing is the final step for outdoor reliabilityensuring parts don’t just survive water and impact but also years of sunlight. Stratasys materials are validated against global UV standards, giving engineers confidence for industrial, automotive, and defense applications. 

Additive Material Highlights 

Stratasys offers a diverse portfolio of materials across SAF, FDM, P3 DLP, and PolyJet technologies, each tailored to meet specific environmental and mechanical demands: 

 

Technology 

Material 

Key Traits 

Standards 

SAF 

Polypropylene 

Water-tight, flexible 

IP66-IP68, MIL-STD-108 

FDM 

ULTEM™ 9085 resin 

Flame retardant, strong 

MIL-STD-810 

FDM 

Antero 800NA 

High heat, low outgassing 

Aerospace, MIL-STD-810 

P3 DLP 

Loctite 3D 3843 

Tough, impact-resistant 

IK08, IP66 

PolyJet 

Can mimic various plastics including HDPE, PP, PBT, PC-ABS allowing highest possible impact resistance. 

IK07 Rating 

 

These materials are certified for performance, while also offering the practical advantages of additive manufacturingsuch as lower costs, consistent output, and greater design flexibility. 

Engineering Confidence, Certified for the Real World 

 

Stratasys is working closely with certification labs, defense partners, and industry experts to validate materials against IP, IK, and MIL-STD requirements. Through technical blogswhite papers, and real-world case studies, we demonstrate how additive manufacturing can meet, and often exceed, the demands of regulated, high-performance applications. 

 

For defense, aerospace, industrial, and electronics programs, this translates into more than compliance. It means access to the industry’s broadest validated material portfolio, proven environmental and mechanical performance, and scalable production across multiple AM technologies. In parallel, we continue expanding certification coverage through ongoing testing, joint validation initiatives with customers, and deeper collaboration with accredited test centers. 

 

If certified reliability and engineering confidence are critical to your next application, talk to a Stratasys expert to explore the right materials, processes, and qualification pathways for your requirements.